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In this article I propose to explain the role that habit plays in the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty and the use that Gallagher and Zahavi make of his theory in their work on cognitive science.

Additionally, the idea of a pre-reflexive understanding is conceived of by these authors as a way for refuting those introspective or reflexive explanations that derive from the Cartesian tradition and which are promoted by certain contemporary authors (see, for instance, Dennett, 1991 Price and Aydede, 2005). Via the phenomenological approach to the reality of habit, a new understanding of the body becomes possible for us, such that it becomes characterized вЂњas subject, as experiencer, as agent,вЂќ and at the same time we can understand вЂњthe way the body structures our experienceвЂќ (Gallagher and Zahavi, 2008).

Gallagher and Zahavi have regained the experience of phenomenology, especially that of Merleau-Ponty and Sartre, to contribute to the development of the cognitive sciences. Merleau-Ponty uses concepts like those of the lived or own body and of lived space in order to emphasize, from a first-person perspective, the co-penetration that exists between subject and world. These two characteristics of human existence bear a close relation with the vision of an embodied mind sustained by Gallagher and Zahavi in their work The Phenomenological Mind: An Introduction to Philosophy of Mind and Cognitive Science. Through his exploration of this issue he explains both the pre-reflexive character that our original linkage with the world has, as well as the kind of вЂњunderstandingвЂќ that our body develops with regard to the world. Merleau-Ponty (French phenomenological philosopher, born in 1908 and deceased in 1961) refers to habit in various passages of his Phenomenology of Perception as a relevant issue in his philosophical and phenomenological position.

17гЂЂActually, the phenomenological description of the perceived world is the aim of the chapter captioned as вЂњThe thing and the Natural WorldвЂќ, which appears after the chapter devoted to space. For these phenomena of reflexivity reveal the ambiguous status of the lived body between subject and object, and according to Merleau-ponty, only an object or objective space can be defined by the pure exteriority between its parts. This collection of essays by 12 eminent scholars is the first devoted. Phenomenology has played a decisive role in the emergence of the discourse of place, and the contribution of Merleau-Ponty to architectural theory and practice is well established. Merleau-Ponty Space, Place, Architecture Edited by Patricia M. This article brings Maurice Merleau-Ponty into these conversations. These efforts often go together with a renewed interest in the roles played by symbolisms and tools in knowledge and being. Merleau-ponty University of Hawaii - In recent years a growing number of scholars in science studies and related fields are developing new ontologies to displace entrenched dualisms. Merleau-PontyвЂ™s allusion to вЂњtopological spaceвЂќ in The Visible and the Invisibleprovides a clue for bridging the gap between вЂњhard scienceвЂќ and вЂњsoft philosophy.вЂќ This lead is pursued in the present paper by employing the paradoxical topology of the Klein bottle. The Space In Between Merleau Ponty Band.

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